Ruzivo rwekutanga rwezvibatiso uye mabhaudhi

Iyo bhaudhi axial simba uye preload ipfungwa here?

Bolt axial simba uye pretightening simba haisi iyo chaiyo pfungwa, asi ine hukama kune imwe nhanho.

Bolt axial force inoreva kushushikana kana kudzvanywa kunogadzirwa mubhaudhi, iyo inogadzirwa nekuda kweiyo torque uye pre-kusimbisa simba rinoshanda pabhaudhi. Kana bhaudhi rasimbiswa, torque uye pre-kusimbisa simba rinoshanda pabhaudhi kuti ribudise axial tension kana compression force, inova bhaudhi axial simba.

Preload ndiyo tension yekutanga kana kudzvanya kunoiswa bhaudhi risati rasimbiswa. Kana bhaudhi rikasimbiswa, preload inogadzira axial tensile kana compressive masimba pabhaudhi uye inodzvanya zvikamu zvakabatana pamwechete. Saizi ye preload inowanzotemwa nehuwandu hwe torque kana kutambanudza.

Nokudaro, iyo pretightening simba ndechimwe chezvikonzero zve axial tensile kana compressive simba rebhaudhi, uye zvakare chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvinotonga axial tensile kana compressive simba rebhoti.

Ndehupi hukama pakati pekutakurwa kwebhaudhi uye kusimba kwayo kwegoho?

Simba rinotangira rinoita basa rinokosha zvikuru mukugadzirisa nekubatanidza mabhoti, uye hukuru hwayo hunofanira kunge hwakakwana kuita kuti mabhoti abudise axial tension, nokudaro kuve nechokwadi kusimba uye kuchengeteka kwezvikamu zvinobatanidza.

Kusimba kwegoho rebhaudhi rinoreva kusimba kwebhaudhi kuti riwane deformation yepurasitiki kana kutadza kana yaiswa kune axial tension. Kana iyo preload ichipfuura simba regoho rebhaudhi, bhoti inogona kukanganisa zvachose kana kukundikana, zvichiita kuti chibatanidza chisununguke kana kukundikana.

Naizvozvo, simba rekutanga rebhaudhi rinofanirwa kudzorwa mukati mechikamu chakakodzera, kwete chikuru kana chidiki, uye chinoda kutariswa zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita sekusimba kwegoho rebhaudhi, zvinhu zvemukati, kushushikana mamiriro ekubatanidza, uye nzvimbo yekushanda. Kazhinji, iyo bhaudhi pretightening simba inofanirwa kudzorwa mukati meiyo 70% ~ 80% yebhoti goho simba kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kuvimbika kwekubatana.

Chii chinonzi goho rebhaudhi?

Kusimba kwegoho rebhaudhi kunoreva kushomeka kwesimba rebhaudhi rinoita deformation yepurasitiki kana ichiiswa kune axial tension, uye inowanzo ratidzwa maererano nechisimba pane imwe unit nzvimbo (N/mm² kana MPa). Kana bhaudhi richidhonzwa kupfuura simba raro regoho, bhaudhi richave rakaremara zvachose, kureva kuti, harizokwanisi kudzokera kune chimiro chayo chepakutanga, uye kubatana kunogonawo kusunungura kana kukundikana.

Kusimba kwegoho remabhoti kunotarirwa nezvinhu zvakaita sehunhu hwezvinhu uye mamiriro ekugadzirisa. Paunenge uchigadzira nekusarudza mabhoti, zvakakosha kusarudza mabhoti ane simba rakakwana regoho maererano nezvinodiwa zvezvikamu zvekubatanidza uye nzvimbo yekushanda nezvimwe zvinhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, kana uchisimbisa mabhoti, zvakakoshawo kuti uone ukuru hwesimba rekutanga-kusimbisa maererano nesimba regoho remabhoti, kuitira kuti uone kuti mabhoti anogona kutakura mutoro wekushanda pasina kunyanyisa kwepurasitiki deformation kana. kukuvara.