Sezvo kutakura zvinhu zvemuchadenga kune zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza zvakanyanya, kunyanya kana zvinhu zvinotakurwa pachishandiswa dumbu rendege inotakura vanhu, zvimwe zvinotakura mhepo zvinoda mushumo wekuongorora. Saka chii chinonzi air cargo appraisal report? Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinofanira kupa chiziviso chekutakura mhepo? Mumutsara mumwe, zvinoreva kuti kana zvisingaite kuziva kana zvinhu zvacho zvine njodzi dzakavanzika kana kuti zvinhu zvacho hazvigone kurongeka uye kuzivikanwa, mushumo wekuongorora wendege unodiwa!
Chii chinonzi air freight identification?
Zita rakazara rekuongorora kwekufambisa kwemhepo ndi "Air Transport Conditions Identification Report". MuchiRungu, inodaidzwa kunzi Identification uye Classification Report yeAir Transport of Goods, inowanzo zivikanwa sekuongororwa kwekufambisa kwendege kana kuongorora.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinoda kuzivikanwa kwekutakura mhepo? Ane fastenerswedge anchor trubolt threaded rodszvaisanganisira?
- Magnetic zvinhu
2. Zvinhu zvehupfu
3. Zvinhu zvine zvinwiwa nemagasi
4. Zvinhu zvemakemikari
5. Zvinhu zvine mafuta
6. Zvinhu zvine mabhatiri
Chii chinosanganisirwa nendege yekuongorora kutakura zvinhu?
Icho chikuru chiri mukati meiyo cargo transportation appraisal certificate inowanzo sanganisira zita remutoro nekambani yayo logo, main physical and chemical properties, zvine ngozi hunhu hwezvinhu zvinotakurwa, mitemo nemirau zvichibva pakuongorora, nzira dzekurasa nechimbichimbi, nezvimwe. ndeyekupa zvikwata zvekufambisa neruzivo rwakanangana nekuchengetedzwa kwezvifambiso. Shamwari, pese paunosangana nezvinhu zvine njodzi dzakavanzika panguva yekufambisa, zvinokurudzirwa kuti iwe unofanirwa kunyatso buritsa mushumo wekuongorora unoenderana nemhando dzekutakura.
Chii chiri ruzivo nezve international air transport?
Zvinhu zvisere zvekubvunza nezvekutakura kwemhepo:
1. Zita rechigadzirwa (kunyangwe zvinhu zvine njodzi)
2. Huremu (macharge akabatanidzwa), vhoriyamu (saizi uye kana zvinhu zviri mustock)
3. Packaging (ingave bhokisi remapuranga kana kwete, pallet kana kwete)
4. Kwekuenda airport (chaiyo kana kwete)
5. Nguva inodiwa (ndege yakananga kana kubatanidza ndege)
6. Kumbira ndege (sevhisi uye kusiyana kwemitengo pakati pendege yega yega)
7. Rudzi rwebhiri rekutakura (main bhiri uye sub-bhiri)
8. Masevhisi anodiwa ekufambisa (customs declaration method, agency documents, kana kubvisa tsika nekuendesa, nezvimwewo)
Mitoro yemhepo yakakamurwa kuita inorema uye inotakura mabubble. 1CBM = 167KG Kuenzanisa huremu hwevhoriyamu nehuremu chaihwo, chero yakakura ichachajwa. Ehe, pane chakavanzika chidiki mukutakura kwemhepo, iyo munhu wese ari muindasitiri anofanira kuziva, saka hazvisi nyore kutaura nezvazvo pano. Vagadziri vasinganzwisise vanogona kuzvionera ivo pachavo.
Ndeapi mazita anonyanya kushandiswa ekufambisa ndege?
ATA/ATD (Chaiyo Nguva Yekusvika / Chaiyo Nguva Yekusimuka)
实际到港/离港时间的缩写.
航空货运单 (AWB) (Air Waybill)
Air Waybill (AWB)
Gwaro rakabudiswa kana pachinzvimbo chemutakuri chiratidzo chekutakura kwezvinhu pakati pemutakuri nemutakuri.
无人陪伴行李（Mukwende, usingaperekedzwe.
Mukwende usingatakurwi semukwende unotakurwa asi unopinzwa mukati, uye mukwende unopinzwa mukati semukwende wakaongororwa.
保税仓库（Bonded Warehouse)
Bonded Warehouse Murudzi urwu rweimba yekuchengetera zvinhu, zvinhu zvinogona kuchengetwa kwenguva isina muganho pasina kubhadhara mari dzekunze.
散件货物 (Bulk Cargo)
Zvinhu zvakawanda zvisina kuiswa pallet uye zvakarongedzwa mumidziyo.
CAO (Cargo for Freighter Only)
Dudziro ye "Freighter Only" zvinoreva kuti inogona kutakurwa chete nemutakuri.
到付运费.Kuunganidzwa kwemhosva)
Nyora muripo wemutakuri pawaybill yemhepo.
预付运费（Mari inobhadharwa kare)
Nyora miripo inobhadharwa neanotumira pamhepo waybill.
计费重量（Chargeable Weight)
Huremu hunoshandiswa kuverenga kutakurwa kwemhepo. Huremu hunobhadhariswa huremu hunogona kuve huremu hwevhoriyamu, kana kana zvinhu zvatakurwa mumotokari, huremu hwese hwemutoro unobvisa huremu hwemotokari.
到岸价格CIF (Mutengo, Inishuwarenzi uye Kutakura)
Zvinoreva "mutengo, inishuwarenzi uye kutakura zvinhu", inova C&F pamwe neinishuwarenzi yemutengesi pakurasikirwa nekukuvadzwa kwezvinhu. Mutengesi anofanira kusaina kondirakiti neinishuwarenzi uye kubhadhara mari yacho.
收货人 (Consignee)
Munhu ane zita rakanyorwa paairwaybill uye anogamuchira zvinhu zvinotumirwa nemutakuri.
交运货物 (Consignment
Mutakuri anogamuchira chimwe kana zvimwe zvidimbu zvezvinhu kubva kune mutakuri pane imwe nguva nenzvimbo uye ozviendesa kune imwe nzvimbo yekuenda pane imwe mhepo waybill.
发货人 (Consignor
Yakaenzana ne shipper.
集运货物 (Consolidated Consignment)
Kutakurwa kwezvinhu zvinotumirwa nevatakuri vaviri kana kupfuura, mumwe nemumwe wavo akasaina chibvumirano chekutakura mhepo nemumiriri wekubatanidza.
集运代理人 (Consolidator)
Munhu kana sangano rinounganidza zvinhu mukutakura zvinhu zvakabatanidzwa.
COSAC (Community Systems for Air Cargo)
Kupfupisa kwe "ruzivo rwepamusoro" komputa system. Irwo ruzivo uye yepakati Logistics manejimendi manejimendi system yeHong Kong Air Cargo Terminal Co., Ltd.
Tsika
Bazi rehurumende (rinonzi Dhipatimendi reCustoms uye Excise muHong Kong) rinotarisira kuunganidza mabasa ekunze nekunze uye kudzvanyirira kutengeswa nekushungurudzwa kwezvinodhaka.
海关代码 (Customs Code)
Kodhi yakawedzerwa neHong Kong Customs and Excise Department (C&ED) kune boka rezvinhu kuratidza mibairo yekubvisiswa tsika kana kuti ndezvipi zviito zvekubvisa tsika inodiwa kune terminal operator/consignee.
清关 (Customs Clearance)
Tsika dzetsika dzinofanirwa kupedzwa pakutakura kana kutora zvinhu panzvimbo yazvakabva, pakufamba uye pakuenda.
危险货物 (Zvinhu zvine ngozi.
Zvinhu zvine ngozi zvinhu kana zvinhu zvinogona kukonzeresa hutano, chengetedzo kana zvinhu kana zvatakurwa nemhepo.
运输申报价值 (Yakaziviswa Kukosha Kwekutakura)
Hukoshi hwezvinhu zvinoziviswa nemutakuri kune mutakuri nechinangwa chekutarisa mutengo wekutakura zvinhu kana kumisa miganhu pamhosva yemutakuri yekurasikirwa, kukanganisa, kana kunonoka.
海关申报价值 (Yakaziviswa Kukosha Kwetsika)
Inoshanda kune kukosha kwezvinhu zvakaziviswa kune tsika nechinangwa chekutarisa huwandu hwemitero yetsika.
垫付款 (Kubvisa mari)
Mari inobhadharwa nemutakuri kune mumiriri kana mumwe mutakuri uye yobva yaunganidzwa nemutakuri wekupedzisira kubva kune consignee. Mari idzi dzinowanzobhadhariswa kubhadharisa kutakura zvinhu uye muripo wepamwechete unoitwa nemumiririri kana mumwe mutakuri wekutakura zvinhu.
EDIFACT (Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transportation)
Ndiyo chidimbu che "Electronic Information Exchange for Management, Commerce and Transportation". EDIFACT chiyero chepasirese chemeseji syntax yemagetsi data kuchinjanisa.
禁运 (Embargo
Zvinoreva kuramba kwemutakuri mukati meimwe nguva kutakura chero chinhu, chero mhando kana giredhi remutoro kuenda nekubva kune chero dunhu kana nzvimbo pane chero nzira kana chikamu chenzira kana kubvuma kutamiswa.
ETA/ETD (Inofungidzirwa Nguva Yekusvika / Inofungidzirwa Nguva Yekuenda)
Kudimburira kwekufungidzira kusvika/nguva yekubva.
Export License
Gwaro rerezinesi rehurumende rinobvumidza muridzi (mutakuri) kutumira kunze zvinhu zvakatemwa kune imwe nzvimbo.
FIATA (Federation Internationale des Associations de Transitaires et Assimilées)
FIATA Licensee - Inopihwa rezenisi rekuburitsa magwaro eFIATA [FIATA Bill of Lading (FBL) "seMutakuri" & Forwarders Chitupa cheConsignor uye Forwarders Chitupa chekugamuchira (FCR)] muHong Kong Receipt (FCR)]. Inofukidzwa neinishuwarenzi yekutakura zvinhu (minimum liability limit: US$250,000).
离岸价格FOB (Yemahara paBhodhi)
Pasi pe "mahara pabhodhi" mamiriro, zvinhu zvinotumirwa nemutengesi pachiteshi chekutakura chinotsanangurwa muchibvumirano chekutengesa. Ngozi yekurasikirwa kana kukuvadzwa kwezvinhu inopfuura kune mutengi kana zvinhu zvichipfuura njanji yechikepe (kureva, mushure mekusiya chiteshi uye kuiswa muchikepe), uye mhosva dzekubata dzinobhadharwa nemutengesi.
机场离岸价 (FOB Airport)
Iri izwi rakafanana neizwi reFOB. Kana mutengesi achinge aendesa zvinhu kune mutakuri wemhepo panhandare yekusimuka, njodzi yekurasikirwa inotamiswa kubva kumutengesi kuenda kumutengi.
货运代理 (Forwarder)
Mumiririri kana kambani inopa masevhisi (akadai sekuunganidza, kutumira, kana kuendesa) kuona uye kubatsira mukutakurwa kwezvinhu.
总重 (Gross Weight
Huremu hwese hwekutakura, kusanganisira huremu hwebhokisi uye zvinhu zvekurongedza.
HAFFA (Hong Kong Air Freight Forwarding Association)
Freight Forwarder Air Waybill (kureva: Freight Waybill) (HAWB) (House Air Waybill)
IATA (International Air Transport Association)
Kupfupisa kweInternational Air Transport Association. IATA isangano reindasitiri yezvekufambisa nendege, inopa masevhisi kundege, vafambi, varidzi vemitoro, vamiriri vebasa rekufambisa uye hurumende. Sangano rine chinangwa chekusimudzira kuchengetedzeka kwekufambisa kwendege uye kumira (kuongorora mikwende, matikiti emhepo, huremu hunoratidza) uye kubatsira mukugadzwa kwemitengo yepasirese yekufambisa nendege. IATA ine muzinda kuGeneva, Switzerland.
进口许可证 (Rezinesi rekutenga kunze
Gwaro rerezinesi rehurumende rinobvumira muridzi (consignee) kupinza zvinhu zvakatemwa.
标记（Mako.
Mavara anoshandiswa kuzivisa zvinhu kana kuratidza ruzivo rwakakodzera nezvemuridzi wezvinhu anoiswa chiratidzo pakurongedzerwa kwezvinhu.
航空公司货运单（Master Air Waybill)
Iri igwaro remhepo rine zvinhu zvakabatanidzwa, iro rinonyora mutumwa semutumwa.
中性航空运单（Neutral Air Waybill)
A standard air waybill isina zita remutakuri.
鲜活货物 (Cargo inoparara)
Zvinhu zvinoparara zviri pasi pekupisa kwakashata, hunyoro kana mamwe mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza kwenguva yakatarwa kana pasi pekushisa kwakashata, hunyoro kana mamwe mamiriro ekunze.
Prepacked Cargo
Zvinhu zvinenge zvarongedzerwa mumotokari nemutakuri zvisati zvaunzwa kumugadziri.
收货核对清单（Reception List List)
Gwaro raburitswa nemufambisi wekutakura zvinhu atambira zvinhu zvemutakuri.
受管制托运商制度（Regulated Agent Regime.
Ihurongwa hwekuti hurumende iite ongororo yekuchengeteka kune vese vanotakura zvinhu mundege.
提货单 (Fomu Rekuburitswa Kwekutumira
Gwaro rakapihwa nemutakuri kune anotakura kuti atore nhumbi kubva kune inotakura zvinhu.
托运人 (Mutakuri
Munhu kana kambani yakadomwa muchibvumirano chekutakura zvinhu kuendesa zvinhu kune anotumirwa.
活动物／危险品 托运人证明书 (Chitupa cheShipper chemhuka mhenyu / zvinhu zvine njodzi)
Chirevo chemutengesi - chirevo chokuti zvinhu zvakaiswa zvakanaka, zvakanyatsotsanangurwa, uye zvakakodzera kutakurwa kwemhepo maererano neshanduro yazvino yemitemo yeIATA nemitemo yose yevatakuri nemitemo yehurumende.
托运人托运声明书（简称：托运书）（Tsamba yeMufambisi weMurairo)
Gwaro rine mirairo yemutakuri kana mumiririri wemutakuri maererano nekugadzirira kwemagwaro uye kutakura zvinhu.
STA/STD (Rongedza Nguva Yekusvika / Rongedza Nguva Yekubva)
预计到港／离港时间的缩写
TACT (The Air Cargo Tariff)
Dudziro ye "Air Cargo Tariff" yakaburitswa neInternational Aviation Press (IAP) mukubatana neInternational Air Transport Association (IATA).
运费表 (Mutero)
Mutengo, machaji uye/kana mamiriro anoenderana anobhadhariswa nemutakuri wekutakura zvinhu. Mari yekutumira inosiyana nenyika, huremu hwekutumira, uye/kana mutakuri.
载具 (Unit Load Device)
Chero mhando yemudziyo kana pallet inoshandiswa kutakura zvinhu.
贵重货物 (Valuable Cargo)
Zvinhu zvine huremu hwakaenzana kana kudarika US$1 000 pakirogiramu, zvakaita segoridhe nemadhaimani.
声明价值附加费 (Valuation Charge)
Mhosva dzekutakura zvinhu dzinobva pakukosha kwezvinhu zvakaziviswa panguva yekutumirwa.
易受损坏或易遭盗窃的货物 (Mutakuri Wenjodzi (Vulnerable Cargo)
Zvinhu zvisina kukosha zvakaziviswa asi zvakajeka zvinoda kubatwa nekuchenjerera, kana izvo zviri panjodzi yekuba.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-15-2023