Kaha lipalangoang tsa thepa ea moeeng li na le litlhoko tse phahameng haholo tsa polokeho, haholo-holo ha thepa e tsamaisoa ka mpeng ea sefofane sa baeti, thepa e 'ngoe ea sefofane e hloka tlaleho ea tlhahlobo. Joale tlaleho ea tlhahlobo ea air cargo ke eng? Ke thepa efe e lokelang ho fana ka boitsebiso ba thepa ea sefofane? Polelong e le 'ngoe, ho bolela hore haeba ho sa khonehe ho tseba hore na thepa e na le likotsi tse patiloeng kapa thepa e ke ke ea aroloa ka nepo le ho tsejoa, ho hlokahala tlaleho ea tlhahlobo ea thepa ea sefofane!
Boitsebiso ba thepa ea sefofane ke eng?
Lebitso le felletseng la tlhahlobo ea lipalangoang tsa sefofane ke "Tlaleho ea Boitsebiso ba Maemo a Lipalangoang tsa Moea". Ka Senyesemane, e bitsoa Identification and Classification Report for Air Transport of Goods, eo hangata e tsejoang e le tlhahlobo kapa tlhahlobo ea lipalangoang tsa moea.
Ke thepa efe e hlokang boitsebiso ba sefofane? Ke li-fastenerswedge anchor trubolt threaded rodse kenyelelitsoe?
- Thepa ea makenete
2. Thepa ea phofo
3. Thepa e nang le maro le likhase
4. Thepa ea lik'hemik'hale
5. Thepa ea mafura
6. Thepa e nang le libeteri
Tlaleho ea tlhahlobo ea thepa ea moeeng e kenyelletsa eng?
Litaba tse ka sehloohong tsa setifikeiti sa tlhahlobo ea lipalangoang ka kakaretso li kenyelletsa lebitso la thepa le logo ea k'hamphani, thepa ea mantlha ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale, litšobotsi tse kotsi tsa lintho tse tsamaisoang, melao le melaoana e ipapisitseng le tlhahlobo, mekhoa ea ho lahla maemo a tšohanyetso, joalo-joalo. ke ho fana ka likarolo tsa lipalangoang ka tlhahisoleseling e amanang ka kotloloho le polokeho ea lipalangoang. Metsoalle, neng kapa neng ha u kopana le thepa e nang le likotsi tse patehileng nakong ea lipalangoang, ho kgothaletswa hore o fane ka tlaleho ya tlhahlobo ka nepo ho latela maemo a thepa.
Ke tsebo efe ka lipalangoang tsa lifofane tsa machaba?
Lintlha tse robeli tsa lipatlisiso tsa lifofane:
1. Lebitso la sehlahisoa (ebang ke thepa e kotsi)
2. Boima (litefiso tse amehang), bophahamo (boholo le hore na thepa e teng setokong)
3. Sephutheloana (ebang ke lebokose la lepolanka kapa che, pallet kapa che)
4. Boemafofane ba moo bo eang teng (ea motheo kapa che)
5. Nako e hlokahalang (sefofane se tobileng kapa sefofane se hokahanyang)
6. Kopa lifofane (ho fapana ha litšebeletso le litheko har'a sefofane se seng le se seng)
7. Mofuta oa sekoloto sa thepa (bili e kholo le sub-bill)
8. Litšebeletso tse hlokahalang tsa lipalangoang (mokhoa oa phatlalatso ea meetlo, litokomane tsa mekhatlo, hore na ho tlosa meetlo le ho tsamaisa, joalo-joalo)
Thepa ea lifofane e arotsoe ka thepa e boima le ea bubble. 1CBM=167KG Ho bapisa boima ba volumetric le boima ba sebele, ho sa tsotellehe hore na ke bofe bo boholo bo tla lefisoa. Ha e le hantle, ho na le sephiri se senyenyane sa thepa ea lifofane, eo bohle ba indasteri ba lokelang ho e tseba, kahoo ha ho bonolo ho bua ka eona mona. Baetsi ba sa utloisiseng ba ka iphumanela eona.
Ke mabitso afe a sebelisoang hangata a lipalangoang tsa moea?
ATA/ATD (Nako ea Sebele ea ho Fihla / Nako ea Sebele ea ho Tloha)
实际到港/离港时间的缩写.
航空货运单 （AWB (Air Waybill)
Air Waybill (AWB)
Tokomane e fanoeng ke kapa molemong oa morekisi ke bopaki ba ho tsamaisa thepa pakeng tsa motho ea tsamaisang thepa le morekisi.
无人陪伴行李（Thoto, e sa felehetsoang)
Thoto e sa nkeloeng e le thoto e romelloang empa e kenngoeng, le thoto e kengoang e le thoto e hlahlobiloeng.
保税仓库（Bonded Warehouse)
Bonde ea Bobolokelo Bobolokelong ba mofuta ona, thepa e ka bolokoa nako e sa lekanyetsoang ntle le ho lefa lekhetho la thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha.
散件货物 （Cargo e ngata)
Thepa e ngata e sa kengoang le ho patoa ka har'a lijana.
CAO (Cargo for Freighter Only)
Kgutsufatso ya "Freighter Only" e bolela hore e ka jarwa feela ke mopalami.
到付运费.Bokella litefiso)
Ngola litefello ho motho ea romelloang pampiring ea lifofane.
预付运费（Litefiso li lefshoa esale pele)
Ngola litefello tse lefuoang ke motho ea tsamaisang thepa ho airwaybill.
计费重量Boima ba Tefiso)
Boima bo sebedisoang ho bala phahlo ya moya. Boima bo ka lefisoang e ka ba boima ba volumetric, kapa ha thepa e laeloa ka koloing, boima bohle ba moroalo bo tlose boima ba koloi.
到岸价格CIF (Litšenyehelo, Inshorense le Thepa)
E bua ka "litšenyehelo, inshorense le thepa", e leng C&F hammoho le inshorense ea morekisi khahlano le tahlehelo le tšenyo ea thepa. Morekisi o tlameha ho saena konteraka le inshorense mme a lefe tefo eo.
收货人 （Morekisi)
Motho eo lebitso la hae le thathamisitsoeng ho airwaybill le ea amohelang thepa e rometsoeng ke mojari.
交运货物 （Thomello)
Motho ea tsamaisang thepa o fumana thepa e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta ho tsoa ho morekisi ka nako e itseng le sebakeng se itseng ebe o li isa sebakeng se itseng ka sefofane se le seng.
发货人 （Consignor)
E lekana le motho ea tsamaisang thepa.
集运货物 （Thomello e Kopantsoeng)
Thepa ea thepa e rometsoeng ke barekisi ba babeli kapa ho feta, bao e mong le e mong oa bona a saenneng konteraka ea thepa ea sefofane le moemeli oa ho kopanya.
集运代理人 （Consolidator)
Motho kapa mokgatlo o kopanyang thepa hore e be thoto e kopaneng.
COSAC (Mekhoa ea Sechaba bakeng sa Air Cargo)
Khutsufatso ea "tsebo e phahameng" sistimi ea komporo. Ke tlhahisoleseling le sistimi e bohareng ea taolo ea lisebelisoa tsa Hong Kong Air Cargo Terminal Co., Ltd.
Mokhafisong
Setsi sa mmuso (se bitsoang Lefapha la Lekhetho le Lekhetho Hong Kong) se ikarabellang bakeng sa ho bokella mesebetsi ea kantle ho naha le ho tsoa kantle le ho thibela khoebo le tlhekefetso ea bokhukhuni le lithethefatsi.
海关代码 （Khoutu ea meetlo)
Khoutu e kentsoeng ke Lefapha la Lekhetho la Litloaelo le Lekhetho la Hong Kong (C&ED) ho sehlopha sa thepa ho bontša liphetho tsa tumello ea lekhetho kapa hore na ke mehato efe e hlokoang ke molaoli oa thepa/mojari.
清关 （Phetiso ea malibhong)
Litloaelo tsa meetlo tse tlamehang ho phethoa bakeng sa lipalangoang kapa ho latoa thepa sebakeng seo li tsoang ho sona, lipalangoang le moo li eang teng.
危险货物 （Thepa e kotsi)
Thepa e kotsi ke lintho kapa lintho tse ka bakang tšokelo e kholo bophelong, polokeho kapa thepa ha li tsamaisoa ka sefofane.
运输申报价值 （Boleng bo Phahamisitsoeng ba Koloi)
Boleng ba thepa bo boletsweng ke morekisi ho morekisi ka sepheo sa ho tseba ditefiso tsa thepa kapa ho beha meedi ho mokoloto wa thepa bakeng sa tahlehelo, tshenyo, kapa tieho.
海关申报价值 （Boleng bo Phahamisitsoeng ba Litloaelo)
E sebetsa ho boleng ba thepa e phatlalalitsoeng ho meetlo ka sepheo sa ho lekanyetsa bokae ba lekhetho la lekhetho.
垫付款 （Litšenyehelo)
Tefiso e lefuoang ke mojari ho moemeli kapa mojari e mong ebe e bokelloa ke mojari oa ho qetela ho tsoa ho morekisi. Litefiso tsena hangata li lefisoa ho lefella thepa le litefiso tse sa lebelloang tse entsoeng ke moemeli kapa mojari e mong ha a tsamaisa thepa.
EDIFACT (Ho fapanyetsana ha Boitsebiso ba Elektroniki bakeng sa Tsamaiso, Khoebo le Lipalangoang)
Ke khutsufatso ea "Electronic Information Exchange for Management, Commerce and Transportation". EDIFACT ke tekanyetso ea machaba ea syntax ea melaetsa bakeng sa phapanyetsano ea data ea elektroniki.
禁运 （Embargo)
E bolela ho hana ha mopalami ka nako e itseng ho nka thepa, mofuta ofe kapa ofe kapa sehlopha sa phahlo ho ea le ho tsoa sebakeng sefe kapa sefe tseleng efe kapa efe kapa karolo ea litsela kapa ho amohela ho fetisoa.
ETA/ETD (Nako e Hakantsoeng ea ho Fihla / Nako e Lekanyelitsoeng ea ho Tsamaea)
Kgutsufatso ya nako e lekanyeditsweng ya ho fihla/ho tloha.
Laesense ea ho Romella
Tokomane ea laesense ea mmuso e lumellang mong'a (morosi) ho romela thepa e itseng sebakeng se itseng.
FIATA (Federation Internationale des Associations de Transitaires et Assimilées)
FIATA Laesense - E na le laesense ea ho fana ka litokomane tsa FIATA [FIATA Bill of Lading (FBL) "joalo ka Mojari" & Forwarders Certificate of Consignor and Forwarders Certificate of Receipt (FCR)] Hong Kong Receipt (FCR)]. E koaheloa ke inshorense ea melato e fetisang thepa (bonyane moedi oa melato: US$250,000).
离岸价格FOB (Mahala ka Sekepe)
Tlas'a boemo ba "mahala ka sekepeng", thepa e romelloa ke morekisi koung ea likepe e boletsoeng konteraka ea thekiso. Kotsi ea tahlehelo kapa tšenyo ea thepa e fetela ho moreki ha thepa e feta seporo sa sekepe (ke hore, ka mor'a ho tloha boema-kepe le ho behoa sekepeng), 'me litefiso tsa ho sebetsana le tsona li lefshoa ke morekisi.
机场离岸价 （FOB Airport)
Lereo lena le tšoana le lentsoe le akaretsang la FOB. Hang ha morekisi a fana ka thepa ho motho ea tsamaisang moea boema-fofane ba ho tloha, kotsi ea tahlehelo e fetisoa ho tloha ho morekisi ho ea ho moreki.
货运代理 （Morekisi)
Moemeli kapa khamphani e fanang ka lits'ebeletso (joalo ka pokello, ho fetisoa, kapa delibari) ho netefatsa le ho thusa ho tsamaisa thepa.
总重 （Boima bo felletseng)
Kakaretso ea boima ba thepa, ho kenyeletsa boima ba lebokose le thepa ea ho paka.
HAFFA (Mokhatlo oa Hong Kong Air Freight Forwarding Association)
Freight Forwarder Air Waybill (ke hore: Freight Waybill) (HAWB) (House Air Waybill)
IATA (Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Lipalangoang tsa Lifofane)
Khutsufatso ea Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Lipalangoang tsa Moeeng. IATA ke mokhatlo oa indasteri ea lipalangoang tsa sefofane, o fanang ka litšebeletso ho lifofane, bapalami, beng ba thepa, baemeli ba litšebeletso tsa maeto le mebuso. Mokhatlo ona o ikemiselitse ho khothaletsa polokeho ea lipalangoang tsa moea le maemo a maemo (tlhahlobo ea mekotla, litekete tsa sefofane, lipontšo tsa boima ba 'mele) le ho thusa ho tsebahatsa litefiso tsa machabeng tsa lipalangoang tsa sefofane. Ofisi ea IATA e Geneva, Switzerland.
进口许可证 （Laesense ea ho reka kantle ho naha)
Tokomane ea laesense ea mmuso e lumellang mong'a (mojaki) ho tlisa thepa e boletsoeng.
标记Matshwao
Matshwao a sebediswang ho tsebahatsa thepa kapa ho bontsha tlhahisoleseding e nepahetseng mabapi le monga thepa a tshwailwe sephuthelong sa thepa.
航空公司货运单（Master Air Waybill)
Ena ke lengolo la sepalangoang le nang le thomello ea thepa e kopaneng, e thathamisang morekisi e le morekisi.
中性航空运单（Neutral Air Waybill)
Tefiso e tloaelehileng ea moea e se nang mopalami ea bitsoang.
鲜活货物 （Cargo e senyehang)
Thepa e senyehang e tlas'a mocheso o mobe, mongobo kapa maemo a mang a tikoloho ka nako e itseng kapa tlas'a mocheso o mobe, mongobo kapa maemo a mang a tikoloho.
Cargo e pakiloeng
Thepa e kentsoeng ka koloing ke motho ea e romellang pele e hlahisoa ho opareitara ea thepa.
收货核对清单（Lenane la Lethathamo la Kamohelo)
Tokomane e fanoeng ke opareitara ea thepa ha a fumana thepa ea morekisi.
受管制托运商制度（Regulated Agent Regime)
Ke mokhoa oa 'muso ho etsa tlhahlobo ea polokeho ho bohle ba tsamaisang thepa ka sefofane.
提货单 （Foromo ea Phallo ea Thomello)
Tokomane e fanoeng ke mojari ho moromuoa bakeng sa ho lata phahlo ho tsoa ho opareitara ea thepa.
托运人 （Morekisi)
Motho kapa khamphani e ngotsweng tumellanong ya lekareche la thepa ho isa thepa ho moromuwa.
活动物／危险品 托运人证明书 （Setifikeiti sa Shipper bakeng sa liphoofolo tse phelang / thepa e kotsi)
Polelo ea motho ea tsamaisang thepa - polelo ea hore thepa e phuthetsoe hantle, e hlalositsoe ka nepo, 'me e loketse lipalangoang tsa moea ho latela phetolelo ea morao-rao ea melao ea IATA le melao eohle ea tsamaiso le melao ea mmuso.
托运人托运声明书（简称：托运书（Lengolo la Taelo la Morekisi)
Tokomane e nang le litaelo tsa morekisi kapa moemeli oa morekisi mabapi le tokiso ea litokomane le thomello ea thepa.
STA/STD (Kemiso ea Nako ea ho Fihla / Kemiso ea Nako ea ho Tsamaea)
预计到港／离港时间的缩写
TACT (The Air Cargo Tariff)
Kgutsufatso ya "Air Cargo Tariff" e hatisitsoeng ke International Aviation Press (IAP) ka tšebelisano-'moho le International Air Transport Association (IATA).
运费表 （Litefiso)
Theko, litefiso le/kapa maemo a amanang a lefisoa ke mopalami bakeng sa ho tsamaisa thepa. Manane a litefiso tsa thomello a fapana ho ea ka linaha, boima ba thomello, le/kapa mopalami.
载具 （Sesebelisoa sa Moroalo oa Yuniti)
Mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa setshelo kapa pallet e sebelisetsoang ho tsamaisa thepa.
贵重货物 （Thepa ea bohlokoa)
Thepa e nang le boima ba 'mele bo phatlalalitsoeng bo lekanang kapa bo fetang US$1,000 ka kilogram, joalo ka khauta le litaemane.
声明价值附加费 （Tefiso ea Boleng)
Litefiso tsa lipalangoang tsa thepa li ipapisitse le boleng ba thepa e boletsoeng ka nako ea thomello.
易受损坏或易遭盗窃的货物 （Cargo e tlokotsing)
Thepa e se nang boleng bo phatlalalitsoeng empa ka ho hlaka e hloka ho tšoaroa ka hloko, kapa e kotsing ea bosholu.
Nako ea poso: Sep-15-2023