Ngo-Agasti 15, 2023, uMongameli waseMexico watyikitya ummiselo, ukususela ngo-Agasti 16, ukunyusa intsimbi (ifastener imathiriyeli ekrwada), i-aluminiyam, iimveliso ze-bamboo, irabha, iimveliso zekhemikhali, i-oyile, isepha, iphepha, ikhadibhodi, iimveliso ze-ceramic, iglasi Iintlawulo zelizwe ezithandwa kakhulu kuluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, kubandakanywa izixhobo zombane, izixhobo zomculo kunye nefenitshala.
Lo myalelo unyusa iintlawulo zokungenisa elizweni ezisebenza kwizinto ezingama-392 zerhafu. Phantse zonke iimveliso ezikule mijelo yoluhlu lweerhafu ngoku ziphantsi kwe-25% yomrhumo wokungenisa elizweni, kwaye kuphela yimiqhaphu ethile eya kuba phantsi komrhumo we-15%. Olu hlengahlengiso lwexabiso lerhafu yokungenisa elizweni luqale ukusebenza ngomhla we-16 ku-Agasti, 2023 kwaye luya kuphela nge-31 kaJulayi, 2025.
Ukhathalelo lweFasteners factory of Zeziphi iimveliso ezinomsebenzi ochasene nokulahla?
Ngokumalunga neemveliso ezinemisebenzi echasene nokulahla edweliswe kummiselo, intsimbi engenasici evela eChina naseTaiwan; iipleyiti ezipholileyo ezivela eChina naseKorea; intsimbi ecatyiswe ityatyiswe evela eTshayina naseTaiwan; Izinto ezisuka kwamanye amazwe ezifana nemibhobho yentsimbi yomthungo ziya kuchatshazelwa koku kunyuswa kwamaxabiso.
Lo myalelo uya kuchaphazela ubudlelwane borhwebo kunye nokuhamba kwempahla phakathi kweMexico kunye namaqabane ayo angekho kwi-FTA, amazwe achaphazelekayo kunye nemimandla equka iBrazil, iChina, iTaiwan, iSouth Korea kunye neIndiya. Nangona kunjalo, amazwe apho iMexico inesivumelwano sokurhweba ngokukhululekileyo (FTA) ayichatshazelwa ngummiselo.
Phantse i-92% yeemveliso ziphantsi kweentlawulo ezingama-25. Zeziphi iimveliso ezichaphazeleka kakhulu, kubandakanywa iziqhoboshi?
Phantse i-92% yeemveliso ziphantsi kweentlawulo ezingama-25. Ziziphi iimveliso ezichaphazelekayo, kuqukaiziqhoboshi?
Ngokwezibalo ezifanelekileyo ezikhutshwe yi-General Administration of Customs yelizwe lam, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla yaseTshayina eMexico kuya kunyuka ukusuka kwi-US $ 44 yebhiliyoni ukuya kwi-US $ 46 yebhiliyoni ngo-2018 ukuya kwi-US $ 46 yebhiliyoni ngo-2021, ukuya kwi-US $ 66.9 yebhiliyoni ngo-2021, kunye nokwanda kwe-US $ 77.3 yebhiliyoni ngo-2022; Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2023, ixabiso leentengiso zaseTshayina ezithunyelwa eMexico lidlule kwi-US $ 39.2 yebhiliyoni. Xa kuthelekiswa nedatha ngaphambi kwe-2020, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuye kwanda phantse nge-180%. Ngokutsho kokuhlolwa kwedatha yamasiko, iikhowudi zerhafu ze-392 ezidweliswe kumyalelo waseMexico zibandakanya ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle malunga ne-6.23 yezigidigidi zeedola zase-US (ngokusekelwe kwidatha kwi-2022, ngokuqwalasela ukuba kukho ukungafani okuthile kwiikhowudi zamasiko e-China naseMexico, eyona mali ichaphazelekayo ayinakuchaneka okwangoku. izibalo).
Phakathi kwazo, ukunyuswa kwerhafu yokungenisa elizweni kwahlulwe ngamanqanaba amahlanu: 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% kunye 25%, kodwa abo banempembelelo enkulu bagxininiswe "kwi-windshield kunye nezinye izincedisi zomzimba phantsi kwento 8708" (10%), "textiles" (15%) kunye "nentsimbi, iimveliso zeekhemikhali, iikhemikhali, iimveliso zentsimbi, isinyithi, iimveliso ze-rubber, i-rubber, isinyithi, iimveliso zobhedu kunye ne-rubber. izixhobo, izixhobo zomculo kunye nefanitshala” (25%) kunye nezinye iindidi zeemveliso.
Iikhowudi zerhafu ezingama-392 zibandakanya iindidi ezili-13 zeerhafu zelizwe lam, kwaye ezona zichaphazelekayo zezi “iimveliso zentsimbi", "iplastiki kunye nerabha", "izixhobo zezothutho kunye namacandelo", "impahla" kunye "nefanitshala yezinto ezahlukeneyo" . Ezi ndidi zintlanu ziya kwenza i-86% yexabiso lilonke lokuthumela ngaphandle eMexico ngo-2022. Ezi ndidi zintlanu zeemveliso zikwaziindidi zemveliso ezibone ukukhula okubonakalayo ekuthengiseni ngaphandle kweTshayina eMexico kwiminyaka yamuva nje. Ukongeza, ezinye izixhobo ze-columinum kunye ne-mechanical basel kunye ne-metal iimveliso, izihlangu kunye neminqwazi, iiseramikhi zeglasi, iphepha, izixhobo zomculo kunye namalungu, iikhemikhali, amatye anqabileyo kunye neentsimbi ezixabisekileyo nazo zonyuka zaya kumaqondo ahlukeneyo xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2020.
Ukuthatha ilizwe lam ukuthunyelwa kweendawo zemoto eMexico njengomzekelo, ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga (iirhafu phakathi kweChina neMexico azihambelani ngokupheleleyo), phakathi kweekhowudi zerhafu ezingama-392 ezihlengahlengisiweyo ngurhulumente waseMexico ngeli xesha, iimveliso ezineekhowudi zerhafu ezinxulumene neshishini leemoto ngo-2022, iChina ithumela ngaphandle eMexico ibalelwa kwi-32% yezigidigidi zeedola zase-US, i-6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zase-US. ngelixa ukuthunyelwa kweemveliso zemoto ezifanayo eMexico kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2023 kufikelele kwi-US $ 1.132 yebhiliyoni. Ngokoqikelelo lwemizi-mveliso, i-China izakuthumela i-avareji ye-US$300 yezigidi kwii-auto parts e-Mexico nyanga zonke ngo-2022. Oko kukuthi, ngo-2022, ii-auto parts zase-China ezithumela ngaphandle eMexico ziya kudlula i-US$3.6 yebhiliyoni. Umahluko phakathi kwezi zibini ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba kusekho inani elikhulu leenombolo zerhafu yeengxenye zemoto, kwaye urhulumente waseMexico akazifakanga kububanzi bokunyuka kwerhafu yokungenisa kweli xesha.
Isicwangciso sekhonkco lonikezelo (ubuhlobo)
Ngokweenkcukacha-manani zesiko laseTshayina, i-elektroniki, oomatshini bemizi-mveliso, iimoto kunye namalungu azo zezona mveliso ziphambili ezingeniswa eMexico zisuka eTshayina. Phakathi kwabo, izinga lokukhula kwezithuthi kunye neemveliso zabo zecala liqhelekileyo, kunye nokunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-72% kwi-2021 kunye nokunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-50% ngo-2022. Ngokwembono yeemveliso ezithile, ukuthunyelwa kwe-China kwezithuthi zempahla (ikhowudi ye-4-digits: 8704) ukuya kwi-3-202 ye-Mexico, kunye ne-2022 ye-Mexico iya kunyuka kwi-3-202. iya kwanda nge-179.0% unyaka nonyaka ngo-2021; Ukunyuka nge-165.5% kunye nokunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-119.8% ngo-2021; i-chassis yemoto eneenjini (ikhowudi ye-4-digits: 8706) ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-110.8% ngo-2022 kunye nokunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-75.8% ngo-2021; kwaye nangokunjalo.
Into ekufuneka ilumkele kukuba ummiselo waseMexico wokonyusa amaxabiso okungenisa elizweni awusebenzi kumazwe nakwimimandla etyikitye izivumelwano zorhwebo neMexico. Ngandlel 'ithile, lo myalelo ukwalubonakaliso lwamva nje lwesicwangciso sonikezelo sikarhulumente wase-US “sobuhlobo”.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-28-2023