Ngo-Agasti 15, 2023, uMongameli waseMexico watyikitya ummiselo, ukususela ngo-Agasti 16, ukunyusa intsimbi (ifastener imathiriyeli ekrwada), i-aluminiyam, iimveliso ze-bamboo, irabha, iimveliso zekhemikhali, i-oyile, isepha, iphepha, ikhadibhodi, iimveliso ze-ceramic, iglasi Iintlawulo zelizwe ezithandwa kakhulu kuluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, kubandakanywa izixhobo zombane, izixhobo zomculo kunye nefenitshala.
Lo myalelo unyusa iintlawulo zokungenisa elizweni ezisebenza kwizinto ezingama-392 zerhafu. Phantse zonke iimveliso ezikule mijelo yoluhlu lweerhafu ngoku ziphantsi kwe-25% yomrhumo wokungenisa elizweni, kwaye kuphela yimiqhaphu ethile eya kuba phantsi komrhumo we-15%. Oku kulungiswa komlinganiselo werhafu yokungenisa elizweni kuqale ukusebenza ngomhla we-16 ku-Agasti, 2023 kwaye kuya kuphela nge-31 kaJulayi, 2025.
Ukhathalelo lweFasteners factory of Zeziphi iimveliso ezinomsebenzi ochasene nokulahla?
Ngokumalunga neemveliso ezinemisebenzi echasene nokulahla edweliswe kummiselo, intsimbi engenasici evela eChina naseTaiwan; iipleyiti ezipholileyo ezivela eChina naseKorea; intsimbi ecatyiswe ityatyiswe evela eTshayina naseTaiwan; Izinto ezisuka kwamanye amazwe ezifana nemibhobho yentsimbi yomthungo ziya kuchatshazelwa koku kunyuswa kwamaxabiso.
Lo myalelo uya kuchaphazela ubudlelwane borhwebo kunye nokuhamba kwempahla phakathi kweMexico kunye namaqabane ayo angekho kwi-FTA, amazwe achaphazelekayo kunye nemimandla equka iBrazil, iChina, iTaiwan, iSouth Korea kunye neIndiya. Nangona kunjalo, amazwe apho iMexico inesivumelwano sokurhweba ngokukhululekileyo (FTA) ayichatshazelwa ngummiselo.
Phantse i-92% yeemveliso ziphantsi kweentlawulo ezingama-25. Zeziphi iimveliso ezichaphazeleka kakhulu, kubandakanywa iziqhoboshi?
Phantse i-92% yeemveliso ziphantsi kweentlawulo ezingama-25. Ziziphi iimveliso ezichaphazelekayo, kuqukaiziqhoboshi?
Ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezifanelekileyo ezikhutshwe lilizwe lam loLawulo lwezeMpahla, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla yaseTshayina eMexico kuya kunyuka ukusuka kwi-44 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukuya kwi-46 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2018 ukuya kwi-46 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2021, ukuya kwiibhiliyoni ezingama-66.9 zeedola ngo-2021, kwaye ukonyuka ukuya kutsho kwi-77.3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2021. ibhiliyoni ngo-2022; Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2023, ixabiso leentengiso zaseTshayina ezithunyelwa eMexico lidlule kwi-US $ 39.2 yebhiliyoni. Xa kuthelekiswa nedatha ngaphambi kwe-2020, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuye kwanda phantse nge-180%. Ngokutsho kovavanyo lwedatha yesithethe, iikhowudi zerhafu ezingama-392 ezidweliswe kummiselo waseMexico zibandakanya ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle malunga ne-6.23 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika (ngokusekwe kwidatha ye-2022, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba kukho ukungafani okuthile kwiikhowudi zezithethe zaseTshayina naseMexico, eyona nto ibalulekileyo. imali echaphazelekayo ayinakuchaneka okwangoku.
Phakathi kwazo, ukunyuswa kwerhafu yokungenisa elizweni kwahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba amahlanu: 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% kunye 25%, kodwa ezo zinempembelelo enkulu zigxininiswe "kwi-windshield kunye nezinye izincedisi zomzimba phantsi kwenqaku 8708" (10% ), "iimpahla ezilukiweyo" (15%) kunye "nesinyithi, ubhedu kunye ne-aluminium isiseko sesinyithi, irabha, iimveliso zeekhemikhali, iphepha, iimveliso ze-ceramic, iglasi, izinto zombane, izixhobo zomculo kunye nefenitshala" (25%) kunye nezinye iindidi zeemveliso.
Iikhowudi zerhafu ezingama-392 zibandakanya iindidi ezili-13 zeerhafu zelizwe lam, kwaye ezona zichaphazelekayo zezi “iimveliso zentsimbi", "iplastiki kunye nerabha", "izixhobo zezothutho kunye namalungu", "amalaphu" kunye "nefanitshala yezinto ezahlukeneyo" . Ezi ndidi zintlanu ziza kwenza i-86% yexabiso lilonke lexabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle eMexico ngo-2022. Ezi ndidi zintlanu zeemveliso zikwazintlu zemveliso ezibone ukukhula okubonakalayo kwimveliso yaseTshayina ethunyelwa eMexico kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukongeza, izixhobo zombane, ubhedu, i-nickel, i-aluminium kunye nezinye iziseko zesinyithi kunye neemveliso zazo, izihlangu kunye neminqwazi, iiseramikhi zeglasi, iphepha, izixhobo zomculo kunye namalungu, iikhemikhali, amatye anqabileyo kunye neentsimbi ezixabisekileyo nazo zanda ukuya kumaqondo ahlukeneyo xa kuthelekiswa ne-2020.
Ukuthatha ilizwe lam ukuthunyelwa kweendawo zemoto ukuya eMexico njengomzekelo, ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga (iirhafu phakathi kweChina neMexico azihambelani ngokupheleleyo), phakathi kweekhowudi zerhafu ezingama-392 ezihlengahlengiswa ngurhulumente waseMexico ngeli xesha, iimveliso ezineekhowudi zerhafu ishishini leemoto ngo-2022, i-China Exports to Mexico yabalelwa kwi-32% yokuthunyelwa kwe-China iyonke e-Mexico ngaloo nyaka, ifikelela kwi-US $ 1.962 yebhiliyoni; ngelixa ukuthunyelwa kweemveliso zemoto ezifanayo eMexico kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2023 kufikelele kwi-US $ 1.132 yebhiliyoni. Ngokoqikelelo lwemizi-mveliso, i-China izakuthumela i-avareji ye-US$300 yezigidi kwii-auto parts e-Mexico nyanga zonke ngo-2022. Oko kukuthi, ngo-2022, ii-auto parts zase-China ezithumela ngaphandle eMexico ziya kudlula i-US$3.6 yebhiliyoni. Umahluko phakathi kwezi zibini ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba kusekho inani elikhulu leenombolo zerhafu yeengxenye zemoto, kwaye urhulumente waseMexico akazifakanga kububanzi bokunyuka kwerhafu yokungenisa kweli xesha.
Isicwangciso sekhonkco lonikezelo (ubuhlobo)
Ngokweenkcukacha-manani zesiko laseTshayina, i-elektroniki, oomatshini bemizi-mveliso, iimoto kunye namalungu azo zezona mveliso ziphambili ezingeniswa eMexico zisuka eTshayina. Phakathi kwabo, izinga lokukhula kwezithuthi kunye neemveliso zabo zecala liqhelekileyo, kunye nokunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-72% kwi-2021 kunye nokunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-50% kwi-2022. Ngokombono weemveliso ezithile. , Ukuthunyelwa kwe-China yeemoto ezithwala iimpahla (ikhowudi ye-4-digits: 8704) eMexico iya kunyuka nge-353.4% ngonyaka-ngonyaka we-2022, kwaye iya kunyuka nge-179.0% ngonyaka-ngonyaka kwi-2021; Ukunyuka nge-165.5% kunye nokunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-119.8% ngo-2021; i-chassis yemoto eneenjini (ikhowudi ye-4-digits: 8706) ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-110.8% ngo-2022 kunye nokunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-75.8% ngo-2021; kwaye nangokunjalo.
Into ekufuneka ilumkele kukuba ummiselo waseMexico wokonyusa amaxabiso okungenisa elizweni awusebenzi kumazwe nakwimimandla etyikitye izivumelwano zorhwebo neMexico. Ngandlel 'ithile, lo myalelo ukwalubonakaliso lwamva nje lwesicwangciso sonikezelo sikarhulumente wase-US “sobuhlobo”.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-28-2023