I-Indiya yamva nje ikhupha uphando olunzulu oluchasene nokulahlwa kwe-China

I-Indiya iqalise uphando oluchasene nokulahla i-13 kwiimveliso zaseTshayina kwiintsuku ezili-10

Ukususela ngoSeptemba 20 ukuya kuSeptemba 30, kwiintsuku nje ze-10, i-Indiya yagqiba ngokunzulu ukuba iqalise uphando oluchasene nokulahlwa kwe-13 kwiimveliso ezinxulumene ne-China, ezibandakanya iifilimu ze-cellophane ezicacileyo, i-roller chain, i-cores ethambileyo ye-ferrite, i-trichlorisoiso i-Cyanuric acid, i-epichlorohydrin, i-alcohol isopropyl, i-polyvinyl i-chloride paste resin, i-thermoplastic polyurethane, idrowa ye-telescopic izilayidi, i-vacuum flask, i-vulcanized black, isipili seglasi esingenafreyimu, iziqhoboshi (GOODFIX&FIXDEX ivelisa i-ankile ye-wedge, ii-headed rods, iibholiti ze-hex, i-hex nut, isibiyeli se-photovoltaic njl…) kunye nezinye izinto zekhemikhali ekrwada, iinxalenye zamashishini kunye nezinye iimveliso.

Ngokwemibuzo, ukusuka ku-1995 ukuya ku-2023, amatyala angama-1,614 achasene nokulahlwa aphunyezwe ngokuchasene ne-China kwihlabathi jikelele. Phakathi kwabo, amazwe/imimandla emithathu ekhalazayo yayiyiIndiya enamatyala angama-298, iUnited States inamatyala ali-189, kunye neManyano yaseYurophu enamatyala ali-155.

Kuphando oluchasene nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma olwaqaliswa yi-Indiya ngokuchasene ne-China, awona mashishini mathathu aphezulu mveliso yeekhemikhali ekrwada kunye nemveliso yeemveliso, ishishini lamachiza kunye neshishini leemveliso ezingezizo ezentsimbi.

Kutheni kukho into echasene nokulahla?

U-Huo Jianguo, usekela-mongameli we-China World Trade Organisation Research Association, uthe xa ilizwe likholelwa ukuba iimveliso ezivela kwamanye amazwe zingaphantsi kwexabiso lalo lemarike kwaye zibangela umonakalo kumashishini anxulumeneyo, inokuqalisa uphando oluchasene nokulahla kwaye inyanzelise. amaxabiso ezohlwayo. amanyathelo okukhusela amashishini anxulumeneyo elizweni. Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenzeni, amanyathelo okulwa nokulahla ngamanye amaxesha asetyenziswa kakubi kwaye ngokusisiseko abe yimbonakaliso yokukhusela urhwebo.

Iinkampani zaseTshayina zisabela njani ekuchaseni ukulahlwa kweTshayina?

I-China lixhoba lokuqala lokukhuselwa kwezorhwebo. Ubalo lwakhe lwakhutshwa nguMbutho wezoRhwebo weHlabathi lubonisa ukuba ukusukela ngo-2017, iChina lelona lizwe lijongene nolona phando luchasene nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma ehlabathini iminyaka engama-23 ilandelelana, kwaye ibe lelona lizwe lijongene nolona phando luchasene nenkxaso-mali. ehlabathini iminyaka eli-12 ilandelelana.

Xa kuthelekiswa, inani lamanyathelo okuthintela urhwebo akhutshwe yiTshayina lincinci kakhulu. Idatha evela kwi-China Trade Remedy Information Network ibonisa ukuba ukususela ngo-1995 ukuya ku-2023, phakathi kwamatyala okulungisa urhwebo aqaliswe yi-China ngokuchasene ne-Indiya, kwakukho amatyala ali-12 kuphela achasene nokulahla, amatyala ama-2 aphikisanayo, kunye nemilinganiselo ye-2 yokukhusela, kwiimeko ezili-16 zizonke. .

Nangona i-Indiya ibisoloko ililizwe eliye laphumeza uphando oluchasene nokulahlwa kwe-China, liqalise uphando lwe-13 oluchasene nokulahlwa kwe-China phakathi kweentsuku ze-10, ezisekho ukuxinana okuphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga.

Iinkampani zaseTshayina kufuneka ziphendule kwisimangalo, ngaphandle koko kuya kuba nzima ukuba zithumele eIndiya emva kokumiselwa kwexabiso eliphezulu lentlawulo, elilingana nokulahlekelwa yimarike yaseIndiya. Amanyathelo okuchasa ukulahla ahlala iminyaka emihlanu, kodwa emva kweminyaka emihlanu i-Indiya ihlala iqhubeka nokugcina amanyathelo achasene nokulahla ngokutshona kwelanga. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezimbalwa, izithintelo zorhwebo zaseIndiya ziya kuqhubeka, kwaye ezinye iindlela zokulwa nokulahla i-China ziye zahlala iminyaka engama-30-40.

Ngaba iIndiya ifuna ukuqalisa "imfazwe yorhwebo neTshayina"?

U-Lin Minwang, usekela-mlawuli weZiko loPhando lwase-Asia kwiYunivesithi yaseFudan, uthe ngo-Oktobha 8 esinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuba i-Indiya ibe lilizwe eliye laphumeza amanyathelo achasene nokulahla i-China yintsilelo yorhwebo eyandayo yaseIndiya. eTshayina.

Umphathiswa wezoRhwebo kunye noShishino waseIndiya ubambe intlanganiso ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwabaphathiswa kunye neekomishoni ezingaphezulu kweshumi elinambini ekuqaleni konyaka ukuxoxa ngendlela yokunciphisa ukuthengiswa kwemveliso evela eTshayina ukusombulula ingxaki "yokungalingani korhwebo lwaseTshayina-Indiya." Imithombo ithe elinye lamanyathelo kukwandisa uphando oluchasene nokulahlwa kweTshayina. Abanye abahlalutyi bakholelwa ukuba urhulumente we-Modi uceba ukuqalisa "inguqulelo yaseIndiya" "yemfazwe yorhwebo neTshayina."

U-Lin Minwang ukholelwa ukuba i-elite yemigaqo-nkqubo yase-Indiya ibambelela kwizinto ezidlulileyo kwaye ikholelwa ukuba ukungalingani kwezorhwebo kuthetha ukuba icala lentsilelo "liyabandezeleka" kwaye icala le-surplus "lifumana". Kukwakho nabanye abantu abakholelwa ukuba ngokusebenzisana neUnited States ekucinezeleni iTshayina ngokwezoqoqosho, kwezorhwebo nangokwemigaqo yobuchule, banokufikelela usukelo lokuthabathel’ indawo iTshayina “njengomzi-mveliso wehlabathi.”

Oku akuhambisani nentsingiselo yophuhliso lwezoqoqosho kunye norhwebo lwehlabathi jikelele. U-Lin Minwang ukholelwa ukuba i-United States iqalise imfazwe yorhwebo ngokuchasene ne-China iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu, kodwa ayizange ichaphazele kakhulu urhwebo lwe-Sino-US. Ngokuchasene noko, umthamo wezorhwebo weSino-US uya kufikelela kwirekhodi eliphezulu kwi-2022. I-760 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Ngokufanayo, uthotho lwangaphambili lwaseIndiya lwamanyathelo orhwebo ngokuchasene neTshayina luphantse lube neziphumo ezifanayo.

ULuo Xinqu ukholelwa ukuba imveliso yaseTshayina kunzima ukuyibuyisela ngenxa yomgangatho ophezulu kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Uthe, “Ngokusekwe kumava ethu ekwenzeni amatyala aseIndiya (iinkampani zaseTshayina eziphendula kuphando oluchasene nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma) kule minyaka idlulileyo, umgangatho wemveliso yaseIndiya, ubungakanani kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zodwa azinakwanelisa iimfuno ezisezantsi. Imfuno yemizi-mveliso. Ngenxa yokuba iimveliso zaseTshayina zikumgangatho ophezulu kwaye zinexabiso eliphantsi, nasemva kokuba amanyathelo (achasene nokulahla) ephunyeziwe, kusenokubakho ukhuphiswano phakathi kwamaTshayina namaTshayina kwimarike yaseIndiya. ”