Izindleko zomthwalo wempahla zikhathazeke kakhulu ngokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle, futhi izinkampani eziningi zemikhumbi azilindele ukwenyuka okukhulu kwamazinga omthwalo wempahla.
Njengoba sibhekene nesimo somnotho somnotho wase-Asia, izindleko zokuthutha izimpahla zisuka e-Asia ziye e-United States seziqale ukukhuphuka ngokushesha. Lesi simo siyinqaba ngempela.
Idatha yakamuva ekhishwe muva nje ikhombise ukuthi ukuthengiswa kweJapan kwehle okokuqala ngqa eminyakeni engaphezu kwemibili, okukhombisa ukuthi ukusimama komnotho kubhekene nezivunguvungu ezinzima. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, idatha yokuthekelisa yamazwe amakhulu ahweba e-Asia njengeSouth Korea neVietnam nawo abuthakathaka kakhulu futhi afiphele.
Kodwa-ke, emakethe yezimpahla ezithwala impahla, kuvela isimo esihluke ngokuphelele. Emasontweni ayisithupha aphela ngo-Agasti 15, isilinganiso sesilinganiso sempahla yesitsha esingamamitha angu-40 esithunyelwe sisuka e-China siya e-United States sikhuphuke ngo-61% saya ku-$2,075. Abangaphakathi embonini ngokuvamile bathi isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu kukhuphuka kwentengo ukuthi izinkampani ezinkulu zemikhumbi zenze izinguquko zokwenziwa ezilinganisweni zempahla. Izikhondlakhondla zemikhumbi ezifana ne-Maersk ne-CMA CGM, ukusebenza kwazo okusehla kakhulu, zinyuse inani eliphelele lenhlawulo ye-GRI, isilinganiso se-FAK kanye nezindleko zokuthumela ezikhokhiswayo ezifana ne-peak season surcharge (PSS) kweminye imizila. Imboni ye-FIXDEX ikhiqiza kakhului-trubolt ihange le-wedge, izinduku ezinentambo.
U-Kang Shuchun, ongusihlalo we-International Freight Forwarding Branch ye-China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing kanye no-CEO we-China International Shipping Network, uveze engxoxweni nabezindaba ukuthi ukunyuka kwamanani ezimpahla kungenxa yokulungiswa okuzenzela kwezinkampani zemikhumbi. I-Maersk nezinye izinkampani zemikhumbi zikhuphule amanani ngokuzimele. Lokhu kuzoholela esiphithiphithini ezimakethe futhi kwenyuse izinga lempahla, esikhundleni sokusimama ezimakethe.
Izinkampani eziningi zemikhumbi azinakho okulindelekile ekukhuphukeni kwenani lempahla. USihlalo we-Evergreen Shipping u-Zhang Yanyi wake wathi imakethe yamanje yokuthumela amabhokisi emhlabeni wonke isesesimweni sokuhlinzekwa okukhulu negebe lesidingo kanye nokungalingani okukhulu phakathi kokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa. I-CMA CGM iphinde yasho embikweni wayo wezezimali ukuthi izimo zemakethe zemboni yezokuthutha nezokuthuthwa kwazo ziwohlokile engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, nokuthi ukungaqiniseki kwezomnotho omkhulu kanye nezwe kusasele engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, nokukhula kancane komnotho womhlaba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umthamo osanda kulethwa uyaqhubeka nokugcwala emakethe, okungase kuqhubeke ukwehlisa amanani ezimpahla, ikakhulukazi emizileni esempumalanga nentshonalanga.
Ngaphambi kokwenyuka kwentengo, amanani entengo yamakhonteyina asuka e-China aye e-US West Coast ehle esuka cishe ku-$10,000 ibhokisi ngalinye ngoFebhuwari 2022 aya ngaphansi kuka-$1,300 ngasekupheleni kukaJuni ngenxa yokwehliswa kwama-oda ngenxa yokugcwala ngokweqile kwabathengisi kanye nesidingo esibuthakathaka. Yehlisa inzuzo yezinkampani ezinkulu zemikhumbi.
Ukuze kukhuphuke intengo yakamuva, abathengisi abaningi baseMelika babonakala bezilungiselele. UTim Smith, umqondisi wezokuthutha emhlabeni wonke kanye nezokuthuthwa kwempahla edayisini lezimpahla zasekhaya iGabe's Old Time Pottery, uthe ukunyuka okungazelelwe kwamanani okuthumela kunomthelela omncane. Le nkampani yabiyela amanani entengo yemikhumbi ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, ivala ingxenye yomthwalo ngenani elinqunyiwe manje elihweba ngaphansi kwamanani atholakalayo. "Amanani ezimpahla angase abuye ehle futhi, futhi singase sizuze ngokubuyela emakethe yendawo ngesikhathi esithile," kusho uSmith.
Impahla ingase yehle futhi
Abathekelisi kanye nochwepheshe bemboni yezokuthutha balindele ukuthi ukwanda kwakamuva kwamanani omthwalo wempahla kube okwesikhashana—ukungenisa kwamakhonteyina ase-US kuhlala kungaphansi kwamazinga onyaka owedlule, kanti imigudu ethile yokuthutha olwandle isiqalile ukulethwa kwemikhumbi emisha yamabhokisi abayi-oda ngesikhathi lapho isidingo sasikhona. ukuphakama. Imakethe ifaka umthamo owengeziwe.
Ngokusho kwenhlangano yokuhweba ngemikhumbi yaseDenmark i-Bimco, ukulethwa kwemikhumbi emisha yamabhokisi ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala zika-2023 kulingana nokwanda komthamo weziqukathi eziyizigidi ezingu-1.2, okubeka irekhodi. UClarksons, onguchwepheshe kwezokuthutha, ubikezela nokuthi ukulethwa kwemikhumbi emisha yamabhokisi emhlabeni wonke kuzofinyelela kuma-TEU ayizigidi ezi-2 kulo nyaka, okubeka irekhodi lokulethwa kwaminyaka yonke futhi kuqhubekisele phambili amandla emikhumbi yomhlaba wonke yokukhula cishe ngama-7%. Ifinyelela ku-2.5 million TEU.
Imidondoshiya yemikhumbi yasolwandle njenge-Maersk yehlise ukunikezwa ngokumisa ukuhamba ngomkhumbi nokunciphisa imikhumbi, idonsa amandla ngempumelelo. Kodwa uPhilip Damas, umqondisi weDrewry Shipping Consulting Group, uthe kulindeleke ukuthi amanye amakhonteyna aqale ukusebenza ngonyaka ozayo. “Igagasi lomthamo oweqile lizothinta imboni yezokuthutha emhlabeni wonke. Ngakho-ke, singase sibone amanani ezimpahla zezindawo eqala kabusha ukwehla kwawo kulekwindla.”
Ngaphansi kwalesi simo, uhlelo lwenkampani yemikhumbi lokwandisa impahla olwandle luzohlala isikhathi esingakanani? U-Kang Shuchun, usihlalo we-International Freight Forwarding Branch ye-China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing kanye no-CEO we-China International Shipping Network, ukholelwa ukuthi ukukhuphuka kwamazinga okuthutha kuzovimbela ukuhweba kwamanye amazwe, okuholela ekwenyukeni kwezindleko kanye nokunciphisa ukuthengiselana. Endabeni yokuncipha kwenani lempahla, ukwenyuka kwamazinga okuthutha akwenzeki. UKang Shuchun uyabikezela, “Ukuziphatha kokwenyuka kwentengo kwenkampani yemikhumbi kuzohlala cishe izinyanga ezimbili, futhi izinga lempahla lizokwehla ngemuva kwalokho. Uma zingekho ezinye izizathu ezikhethekile futhi imakethe ivuna, umdlalo phakathi kwenkampani yemikhumbi nomnikazi wempahla maduze uzoguqukela empini phakathi kwenkampani yemikhumbi nomthumeli. Imidlalo yezinkampani.”
Amasu avame ukusetshenziswa izinkampani zemikhumbi
Okwamanje, ukuze zithole inzuzo eyengeziwe, ezinye izinkampani zemikhumbi zicabanga ukuqoqa izimali ezingeziwe zesizini ephakeme ukuze zivale iqiniso lokuthi amanani ezimpahla angaguquki ezinkontileka zesikhathi eside aphansi kunalawo asemakethe yendawo entengantengayo. Leli su belivame ukusetshenziswa yilayini bemikhumbi esikhathini esedlule ukuze libhekane nesidingo esinamandla ngesikhathi samaholide okwindla nawokuphela konyaka.
Kodwa-ke, u-Erin Fleet, umqondisi wezokuthutha we-Travelpro Products, inkampani yezimpahla ezinze eFlorida, uthe unqabile umzamo wenkampani yenethiwekhi yokukhokhisa imali engaphezulu engaba nomthelela ongemuhle kubathumeli abaningi ngo-2021 nango-2022 (abajaha ukuthola indawo). Kuyinto engacabangeki. Kodwa yilokhu kanye okumayelana nezingxoxo zamanje, futhi ivolumu noma imakethe ayikuvumeli. “
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-31-2023